"show a transition from a curiously unmodified forearm skeletal structure to a more fortified one where mass is transferred to reinforcing lateral ridges"
David's Notes
Lateral ridges are apparent in the juggernaut construction, the hive formation, and similarities seen in the Engineer suits on LV-223 and the biomechanical xenomorph. David was shown to resurrect old ways and technology in Alien: Covenant and in his notes but his Planet 4 xenomorph (seen below) wasn't yet biomechanical and looked more organic.
What we have yet to see is those who provided these technological gifts to the Engineers that David took advantage of in his attempt to craft a perfect organism. There is an obvious refinement in the xenomorph in-between what is seen Alien: Covenant and Alien and what is described later in the canon novels and comics.